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Pharmacogenomics Tools

Pharmacogenomics is a multidisciplinary field that integrates the principles of pharmacology and genomics to elucidate how genetic variations affect individual responses to medications. Genetic markers such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), gene copy number variations (CNVs), or structural variations (SVs)—that influence drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), as well as pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions at the target site. By understanding these genetic determinants, clinicians can optimize therapeutic efficacy, minimize adverse drug reactions, and tailor dosing regimens on an individualized basis.

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