

Method Validation
Validation Calculator
Reference Test
Positive
Negative
Positive
Index Test
Negative
Positive Predictive Value
TP / ( TP + FP)
Negative Predictive Value
TN/ ( FN + TN)
Sensitivity
TP / ( TP + FN)
Specificity
TN / ( FP + TN)
Accuracy
TP + TN / ( TP + FP + FN + TN)
This tool is an analytical validation calculator provided for research and educational purposes. Owing to the absence of an established, directly comparable method, the performance characteristics of this calculator have not been independently verified or benchmarked. Users are advised to interpret the results with appropriate caution and to consider potential limitations inherent in its unvalidated performance metrics.
The Wald interval is known to perform poorly when the proportion is very close to 0 or 1. In these boundary cases, the variance estimate becomes very small, often resulting in overly narrow intervals that do not realistically reflect uncertainty. More robust methods like the Clopper-Pearson exact method is typically recommended for these cases.
Citation
References
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Bossuyt, P. M., Reitsma, J. B., Bruns, D. E., Gatsonis, C. A., Glasziou, P. P., Irwig, L., ... & STARD Group. (2015). STARD 2015: an updated list of essential items for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies. Radiology, 277(3), 826-832.
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Wolfowitz, J. (1952). Abraham Wald, 1902-1950. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 23(1), 1-13.
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Clopper, C. J., & Pearson, E. S. (1934). The use of confidence or fiducial limits illustrated in the case of the binomial. Biometrika, 26(4), 404-413.